Means for controlling the supply of vapor to internal-combustion engines.



PATENT-BI) JAN. 29, 1907.

F. H. SMITH" v MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR-TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION EN. GIN ES. APRILIGATIONIILED DEO.20.1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907. F. H. SMITH. I MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.,20,1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 842,261. PATENTED JAN. 29,1907.

' F. H. SMITH.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.20.1904.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 842,261. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

Y 1-". H. SMITH. MEANS FOR GONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR T0 IN'TERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGIN-ES.- 1

APPLICATION II LED DBO. 20,1904.

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

'No'. 842,261. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907 A P. H. SMITH. MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR T0 INTERNAL comusnou f ENGINES. APPVL'IOATION lum D1f0.20.1904.

e sums-sum 5.

No. 842,261. I PATENTED'JAN. 29,1907,

F. H. SMITH.

.-'MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY 0F VAPOR T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO.20,1904.

a SHEETS-SHEET e.

UNITED sTATEs FREDERICK HUGH SMITH, OF ADATCHET, ENGLAND.

P TEN OFFICE.

MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE SUPPLY OF VAPOR TO INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Patented Jan. 29, 1907.

Application filed December 20, 1904. Serial No. 237,679.

land, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Means for f Controlling the Supply of Vapor to Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to carbureters for in ternal-combustion engines and to means for facilitating the control of the accuracy of the charge to the engine-cylinder and rendering it reliable.

Considerable difiiculties have arisen in the carbureters of internal-combustion engines in securing a reliable positive supply of vaporladen air of substantially constant proportions to. the engine-cylinder, notwithstanding great variations in the speed of the engine.

My invention has for its object to secure a positive supply in a very simple and reliable manner, operated from the suction of the englne.

My invention consists of the features and com i nation and arrangements of parts here'- inafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

- Referring now to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention and form 7 part of my specification, Figure l-is a sectional, elevation of a carburetor constructed according to my nvention, the sectlon being taken on the line X X of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan of my improved carburetor. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of thecarbureter shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on the line Y Y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan on the line Z Z, Fig. 3, showing the springs which in some cases I may use to regulate the admission of air through the auxiliary air-ports. Fig.5 is a sectional elevation through two carburetors according to the present invention, these carburetors being arranged side by side and applicable for use with double or quadruple engines. Also we may use three combined for three or six cylinders, the section being taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 7. Fig. 6 isalso a sectional elevation of a duplex carbureter, the section being taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional plan on the line 7 7 of Fig. 5.

In carrying out my invention according to part.

the form illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 I provide a carburetor-casing a, divided into two compartments by a division-plate b. The lower of these divisions 0 forms an oil-storage space in which spirit or oil is maintained at a nearlyconstant level by means of a float (1. Thus if the oil in 0 falls below a certain level the float d operates the pivoted levers e, which in turn lift the headf of the valve g. Oil will then flow from the pipe h through the strainer into the chambers. A cap it may be provided' for obtaining access to the strainer for purposes of cleaning and the like.

The float d is annular, and through the cenw tral space there asses a pump-cylinder m, which is fixed to t e division-plate b and is of larger bore near the lower than at-the upper works a hollow plun er n, having a head 10, which-pro'ects for a sort distanceabove the division-plate b and carries near its upper extremity a perforated disk 0. A block of leather or other fiber 1 1 is interposed between the perforated disk and the pump-cylinder to act as a buffer on the descent of the disk and plunger. Ball-valves q and r are placed at the lower and upper ends, respectively, of

the hollow plunger. Small ports or passages- 8 lead fromthe interior of the hollow plunger to the annular space t, formed in the lower part of the pump-cylinder.

Above the division-plate b the carburetingchamber proper, 12, is placed. This chamber is preferably jacketed, as shown, and'hot exhaust-gases passing throughthe space w heat up the chamber, which heat is given off by radiation to the, air and fuel charge, as hereinafter explained. a

- In the lower part of the carbureting-chamber there is or are one or more air-ports, (shown at :c,) which is or are placed in a'zone below the lower surface of the erforated disk 0. Above the disk and direct yover the cap y there is mounted a earn 2, supported on the spindle 2, passing through the sides of the carbureting-chamber and having an o erat that when the spindle 2 is turned the amount Inside the part of larger bore. there way. i

oftra'vel of'the pump-plunger n may be vav ried and the quantity of oil supplied to the engine altered, as hereinafter exp ained.

In the upper part of tlt e carb ureting-chamher there is an auxiliary air-port 4, provided with a spring 5, Fig. 4, so that on starting the engine all the air is drawn through the port at and the perforated disk '0. This spring is adjusted to open Whenever the vacuum be-v comes so excessive as to interfere with the correct and efficient operation of the pump as, for instance, by drawing the oil direct from the storage-chamber through the ball-valves r and q while the pump still remained at the upper end of its stroke. In some cases the auxiliary ports 4 may be controlled by means of a sleeve surrounding the outside of the carbureting-chamber and adapted to close or to throttle the supply of auxiliary air more or less, as required.

In all cases I prefer to place wire-gauze 6 over the air-inlets, so as to prevent the ingress of dust or grit along with the air. The top of the carbureter is fitted with a cap 7, having a suitable connection for jointing to the charge-supply pipe 9. pump independentlyrof the engine-suction say at starting-a small crank 8 is supplied, which may be operated by hand in any convenient manner.

Tie operation of this carbureter is as follows: At, the outstroke of the engine-piston a suction is created through the pipe 9. In

consequence of this air rushes throu h the port a and impinges on the disk 0. n this Way the disk 0 is moved upward, carrying withit the pump-plunger n. The upward motion of the plunger nexpels oil from the annular space t through the ports 8, ballvalrve 1", into the upper art of the heated carbureting-chamber. ere the oil mixes with the air rushing 'in through the ortsn; and the perforations in the disk 0. the return stroke ofthe engine-piston, the disk 0 falls back in this form of gravity. Oil is thus forced through the lower ball-valve q and into the annular space t. The operation then continues as before. The travel of the pump will determine the amount of oil which is displaced or'p'rojected into the carburetingchamber. The variation. of the pump-stroke by means of the cam 2 thus forms a very easy and eflicient method of regulating the richness of the charge.

In Figs. 5 and 6 a duplex arrangement of my improved carbureter is illustrated,which is essentially the same as the one hcrinba.

fore described. A carbureter-casingais divided into three compartmentsviz., an oilstoi'age compartment s and two separate To operate the oil-v A screw 10, removably attached to the bottom of the carbureter, is

provided for draining the oil-chamber c as.

carbureting-chambers 12 and 12. In the compartment 0 a float d, guided centrally by a hollow stud 13, is situated, which. maintains the oil in the compartment 0 at a ne arlyconstant level by causing the levers e to lift the head of the valve (1, thereby allowing an influx of oil to take place from the pipe it whenever the level of the oil falls so low as to allow the float to rest on the levers. Pumpcylinders m and m" are situated on each side of the float, the plungers n of which carry perforated disks 0 and 0 on their upper ends, oil being projected into the carburetingchambers 12 and 12 through the ball-valves r and 1", situated above the perforated disks 0 and 0. Air-ports x and'm, situated in the zone below the perforated disks, allow air to be drawn'through the disks and mingle with the oil projected into the carbureting-chambers on the suction-stroke of the engine, the stroke of the oil-pump, and consequently the richness of the charge, being regulated by the cams 2 and 2, fixed to a spindle 2, operated by a lever 3. Spring-controlled auxiliary air-ports 4 and 4;, situated in the upper part of the carbureting-chamber, allow an additional influx of air when the vacuum becomes so excessive as to interfere with the effective operation of the pump. The heat necessary for the vaporization of the oil is provided by causing the hot exhaust-gases to be conducted through the. jackets w, surrounding the carbureting-chambers. In this form the action of the pumps is rendered very reliable, because the disks 0 are subjected in both directions to the suction of the engine. Thus it is known that for purposes of balancing, say, a t'wo-cylind'er engine, the cranks are set at one hundred and eighty degrees to each other. In consequence while the one disksay 0"is subjected to suction, the other disk 0 is free to fall by gravity. In this multiple form, however, the action of gravity is assisted by the engine suction on the disk 0-. The reason of this is that a suction in the pipe 9' causes a rarefaction in the space below the disk 0, which space is in free commuwhich is in consequence drawn downward.

. It will be obvious also that the carbureter according to my invention may be made triple, quadruple, or in any other multiple form, as required, and I do not confine my self, therefore, to the use of the single or double form of carbureter.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is

1. A carbureter for internal-combustion engines having in combination, a sprayingchamber, a-member reciprocated by the engi-ne suction and by gravity unassistedby a spring, a s rayingump operated by said member, su stantia 1y as described.

2; carbureter having in combination, a

spraying-chamber, a suction-operated member, aspraying-nozzle carried on the engine side of said member and a pump actuated by sa1d suction-operated member. I 3. A carbureter having in combination a spraying-chamber,a disk, a spraying-nozzle carried on the engine side of said disk, a pump operated directly by the disk.

4. A carbureter having in combination a spraying-chamber, a loosely-fitting disk, in said chamber a spraying-nozzle carried on the engine side of said disk a pump operated directly by the disk.

5. A carbureter having in combination, a spraying-chamber, a loosely-fitting perforated disk in said chamber, a spraying-nozzle carried. on the engine side of said disk, a pump operated directly by the disk.

6. A carbureter for an internal-combustion engine having in combination on theengine induction-pipe, a spraying-chamber, a loosel -fitting disk in said chamber, said cham er havingair ports or openings'thereinon the side of the disk remote from the engine, a centrally-disposednozzle on the engine side of said disk and discharging oil across the path of thin streams of inflowing air, and a pump actuated by the disk,

7. A carbureter for internal-combustion engines having in combination on the engine 1n notion-pipe, a cylindrical chamber, a jacket round said chamber, aloosely-fitting disk in said chamber, a pump-plunger operatively connected to said disk, a centrallydisposed nozzle discharging on the engine side of'the disk, said chamber being provided iwlthair ports or openings 'on the side. of the disk remote from the engine, substantially as described.

2.8. A carbureter forv internal-combustion e'ngineshaving in combination on the engine in uction-pi e, a cylindrical chamber, a jacket roun said chamber, a loosely-fitting disk in said chamber, said disk having perforations therein for splitti'n' the incoming air into fine streams, apumpunger operatively connected to said disk, a centrally-disposed nozzle discharging on the engine side-of the disk, said chamberbeing provided with air 50 ports or openings on the side of the disk remote from the engine, substantially, as described. 1

- 9. A carbureter for internal-combustion en es having in combination onthe en e in notion-pipe, a heated s rayin cham er, a loosely-fitting disk in sai cham er a pump operated by said disk, sprin -coi1trolled auxiliary air-inlet means dispose above the heated chamber. 1 r 6o 10. A carbureter for an internal-combustion engine comprising 011' the engine inductionpipe, a heated chamber, a loosely-fittin 1 diskwithin said chamber a pump operate,

by the motions of said disk, a cam-stop con-1,

a spraying-nozzle at the upper endon the fixed cylinder-and theplungen-head, a. footthe side remote from the engine, and pumpconnected 6 5 trolling the motions of said'disk, said ohambia -admission ports to all said chambers, said being provided with air-openings situated below said disk, substantially as described.

11. A carbureter for an internal-combus tion engine comprising on the engine induction-pipe, a cylindrical chamber, a heat-ing- 7o jacket round said chamber, a loosely-fitting disk within said chamber, a centrally-dis posed pump discharging above the disk,'-an eccentric cam for controlling the motions of said disk, said chamber being provided with air-openings situated below said disk, substantially as described.

.12. A carbureter having in combination a spraying-chamber, a loosely-fitting disk in said chamber, a spraying-nozzlejcarried on the engine 'side of said disk, an oil-pump plunger carried by the disk, said chamber be in provided with air-ports located on the si e of-the disk remote from the engine-cylinder, an oil-pump cylinder in which said oilpump plunger works, substantially as described.

13. A carbureter having in combination on the engine induction-pipe, a sprayingchamber, a suction-operated member? a pump operated by said member, said put-up having a cylindrical barrel, ahollow plunger of two diameters having ports therein, afoot-. Y valve carried by the plunger at its lower end,

engineside of the disk, all arranged for the purpose of spraying the oil on the upstroke of the pump, substantially as described.

14. A carbureter having in combination on the engine induction-pipe, a spraying.- chamber, a suction-operated member, a fixed IOO pump-cylinder m bored out to two diameters, a hollow plunger 1, having ports 8 therein leading into theannular space t between the valve g, a head-valve 1 arranged on the-engine side of said suction-operated member, substantially as described.

15. A carbureter for internal-combustion engines with multiple cylinders having in combination on the engine induction-pipe, a plurality of spraying-chambers, suctionoperated members, pumps operated by said members, substantially as described.

16. A carbureter for internal-combustion engines with multiple cylinders having in combination on the engine induction-pipe, a plurality of spraying-chambers, disks in said chambers,free passages,.between the disk on ing means operated by said disks, substan tially as and for the purpose described.

17; A carbureter for internal-combustion engines with multiple cylinders having-in combination on the'ngine induction-pipe, a I 2 5 plurality of spraying-chambers, disks in said chambers, nozzles carried on said disks and dischargin on the engine side thereof, pumps 'f'ctly to said disks, common airports being arranged on the side of the disk chamber, a liquid-fuel storage-chaimber and remote from the engine, substantially as and means fer maintaining a praetieelly-censtant for the purposes 'hereinbeforedescribed. level of liquid fuel in said chambers, substan-- 18. A earbureter for use with multipletially as described.

cylinder internal-combustion engines coml In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my prising da plurlelity of fiiquid-fuel-spraying' hand in presence of two witnesses pumps ispose in the 0 er in -pi es to the cylinders, disks carried by th pl nngers 0f FREDERICK HUGH SMITH- said pumps, heated chambers into which the Witnesses:

liquid fuel is sprayed by the pumps, main HENRY H. SNENING,

and auxiliary air-openings in said -heated ALBERT E. PARKER. 

